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Vulcanization is the process in which raw rubber-elastic product is converted into final elastomer- elastic product. The process gives the rubber extreme qualities like strength, elasticity, and resistance to solvents, and to render it impervious to moderate heat and cold. Chemicals like benzothiazoles, sulfenamids, and thiurams are used to accelerate the vulcanization process of rubber in a shorter time and in lower temperature. Paraphenylene diamine is a type antidegradants and very effective antiozonants & antiflex-cracking agents for highly unsaturated general-purpose rubber based vulcanizates. They provide protection against metal-ion catalyzed oxidative aging and are used along with microcrystalline/paraffin waxes for enhanced performance. Sulfur has been used in the vulcanize process of hard rubber. Anti-oxidants like styrenated phenol dihydroquinoline are general-purpose anti-oxidants used for vulcanized process. N-cyclohexylthio phthalimide is an ideal prevulcanization inhibitor used for general-purpose rubbers based sulfur cured compounds.
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